Explain the term 'safety data sheet' (SDS).

The term 'safety data sheet' (SDS) refers to a document that provides detailed information about hazardous substances. It is an essential resource in ensuring workplace safety, particularly in environments where chemicals are present. The SDS outlines the properties of each chemical, including its potential health effects, safe handling procedures, storage recommendations, and emergency measures in case of exposure or spillage.

Understanding the information contained in an SDS is crucial for workers and safety professionals because it enables them to take appropriate precautions when dealing with hazardous materials. This promotes a safe and compliant working environment, aligning with regulations set forth by agencies such as OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration).

In contrast, the other options focus on unrelated aspects of construction. Summaries of construction project milestones pertain to project timelines and deliverables, reports on construction materials focus on inventory without addressing safety, and checklists for building inspections are used to ensure compliance with building codes rather than chemical safety. These distinctions highlight why the correct understanding of an SDS is vital in the context of contractor safety and health regulations.