Define 'perpendicular framing' in carpentry.

Perpendicular framing refers to the arrangement of framing members that are installed at right angles to each other. This type of framing is essential in construction as it provides structural integrity and ensures that the various components of a building, such as walls and floor joists, are aligned properly for stability and load distribution.

Framing members that are perpendicular create a grid-like framework which is crucial for both the layout and support of the building. For instance, when constructing walls, the studs are typically placed vertically, while the top and bottom plates (horizontal members) are installed at right angles to these studs. This configuration allows for effective load transfer and resistance to lateral forces.

Understanding perpendicular framing is foundational in carpentry, as it often serves as the basis for proper and effective construction techniques, ensuring that buildings are both functional and safe.